James has damage to his left ventricle of the heart and as a result of this damage doctors are going to have to perform surgery and cut into his heart to fix the deformity. explain to james what layers of the serous membrane the doctors will have to cut through in order to reach his heart by starting with the most superficial layers working to the deepest areas.

A smooth tissue membrane comprising of two mesothelium layers that discharge serous fluid is known as a serous membrane. The inner layer that envelopes the viscera (organs) in the body cavities is known as the visceral membrane. A second layer of the serous membrane's epithelial cells known as the parietal layer envelopes the body wall.  

In order to do surgery of a heart, the surgeon first has to go through the serous membrane, which surrounds the lungs in the pleural cavity known as the pleura. After that, the surgeon has to go through the parietal pericardium and the visceral pericardium also known as epicardium.  

air, water, heat and noise pollution can all be caused by producing and using technology. consuming resources - non-renewable resources, including precious metals like gold, are used to make technology

"a.) well–developed vascular system."