What are the structures in a cell that group genes together, are composed of chromatin (dna and protein), and become visible under a light microscope during mitosis?

Chromosomes

Chromosomes are the structures in a cell that group genes together, are composed of chromatin (dna and protein), and become visible under a light microscope during mitosis.

Chromosomes are thread-like structures that are composed of protein and one molecule of DNA (chromatin) which contains an organism’s genetic information such as eye colour that are inherited from the parents. Chromosomes are visible in the cell’s nucleus under a microscope only when the cell is dividing. Each chromosome is divided into two sections by a constriction point (centromere) and most chromosomes are arranged in pairs in the nucleus of a cell. Humans possess 22 chromosome pairs (autosomes).

hydroxyl -oh

alcohols, always polar, can form hydrogen bonds with h2o molecules

carboxyl -cooh  

cargoxylic acids, has acidic properties which is a source of hydrogen ions, found in cells in ionized for with a charge of oh-1

carbonyl > co

ketone if within skeleton, aldehyde if group is at the end of skeleton, k & a may be structural isomers, it determines 2 sugars (ketose & aldose)

amino -nh2

amines, acts as a base, it can pick up h+ ions from surrounding solution, ionized with charge of 1+

methyl ch2

addition to rna/dna affects and gene expression

phosphate -opo3 ²⁻

organic phosphates, contributes to negative charge to, molecule that it is a part of, and potential to react with h20

sulfhydryl -sh

thiols, cross-linking stabilize the protein, and it is structure