Is a painful sensation in the chest that results from gastric juices seeping back up into the esophagus. a. heartburn b. celiac disease c. peptic ulcer d. peristalsis

The right option is a. heartburn

Heartburn is a painful sensation in the chest that results from gastric juices seeping back up into the esophagus.

Heartburn occurs when there is excessive backward flow of gastric juices from the stomach into the esophagus. Heartburn usually occurs after eating or when lying down and it begins as a burning sensation in the upper part of the stomach which later moves up into the chest.  Heartburn occurs mostly in individuals over the age of 40 years.

"1. it should be, it has been for about 20 years, and it's really not much different in the end than breeding animals to have particular traits. there are always concerns about genetically engineered animals/plants affecting the environment in unexpected negative ways, but i can't think of an example where the fears didn't turn out to be baseless.  

first, as you point out, it would be a great advance in pharmacology, to be able to tailor drugs and their doses to me. the pros involve better medical treatment. the cons involve privacy issues like insurance companies denying coverage to people with genetic risk factors. looking at dna markers wouldn't affect the frequency of genetic diseases, but it would allow detection of them earlier. and ok, actually i suppose that if people used this information to avoid having children with genetic diseases, some might decrease in frequency."

the answers are a and c