Okazaki fragments are the discontinuous segments of the lagging strand non-coding strands of dna located between continuous segments primers required for synthesis of the lagging strand segments of dna synthesized toward the replication fork

Okazaki fragments are the discontinuous segments of the lagging strand.

Okazaki fragments are located on the template strand which dictates the newly synthesized DNA away from the direction of the movement of replication fork. It is the building block for DNA synthesis of the lagging strand and on one template strand, the DNA polymerase synthesizes the new DNA in the opposite direction that is away from the replication fork movement.

it takes hundreds of years to become stable.

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c. earths continental crust is thicker than its lithosphere.

because, the lithosphere is the outermost layer of the earth/ 100 km thick and is defined by its machanical properties.the lithosphere contains oceanic and continental crust that varies in age and thickness across locations and geologic time. the lithosphere is the coolest layer of the earth in terms of temperature. the term lithosphere should not be confused with the use of "geosphere" which is used to indicate all of earth systems, including the atmosphere, hydrosphere   and biosphere. the surface of the earth can be divided into the continental crust and the oceanic crust.   the continental crust is made mostly of granite while the oceanic crust is made of basalt. the average thickness of the continental crust is 25 miles and the average thickness of the oceanic crust is 5 miles.   three types of rock, igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic, make up the surface of the earth. that's why 3 option is preferable.