Going across one period in the periodic table of the elements, all the elements, all the elememts in the period have the some number of protons

None of the elements on the periodic table have the same number of protons, that's what makes them different elements. I'm not entirely sure what you are asking honestly. 

This type of galaxy is an approximately ellipsoidal shape and a smooth, nearly featureless image. they are the largest single star systems, in the universe and are built by the collisions of many smaller galaxies.