In an experimental investigation, the variable that the researcher changes or manipulates in order to see its effects is called the variable

Independent variable.

Explanation:

In the investigation there are two type of variables

1. Independent variables

2. Dependent variables

Independent variables are the variables which is independent and cam changes without affecting any other variables.But on the other hand dependent variables are the variable which depends on the independent variable.

 y=f(x)

Here y is the dependent variable and x is the independent variable.

surface mining destroys mountain tops, landscapes, forests and wildlife habitats. on top of that, it leads to soil erosion and destruction of agricultural land. the landscape changes can also disrupt river channels and streams, which leads to flooding. which, can destroy plant life and other animals as well.

explanation: