Biology, 18.07.2019 21:30 hailey200127

Ahealthy pancreas secretes into the blood between meals and right after a meal.

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A healthy pancreas secretes glucagon into the blood between meals and insulin right after a meal.
Glucagon and insulin have opposite effects on the blood glucose levels (insulin decreases it, glucagon increases it). During digestion, foods that contain carbohydrates are converted into glucose, so the blood glucose levels are high after a meal. This increase in blood glucose signals pancreas to produce insulin which then stimulates the movement of glucose from the bloodstream into the cells. Some of those cells use the glucose as energy while other (in liver and muscles), store it as glycogen. Between the meals. the glucose levels in blood decrease, which triggers the pancreas to produce glucagon that stimulates the break down of glycogen into glucose.

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fertilization, pictured in figure 24.23a is the process in which gametes (an egg and sperm) fuse to form a zygote. the egg and sperm each contain one set of chromosomes. to ensure that the offspring has only one complete diploid set of chromosomes, only one sperm must fuse with one egg. in mammals, the egg is protected by a layer of extracellular matrix consisting mainly of glycoproteins called the zona pellucida. when a sperm binds to the zona pellucida, a series of biochemical events, called the acrosomal reactions, take place. in placental mammals, the acrosome contains digestive enzymes that initiate the degradation of the glycoprotein matrix protecting the egg and allowing the sperm plasma membrane to fuse with the egg plasma membrane, as illustrated in figure 24.23b. the fusion of these two membranes creates an opening through which the sperm nucleus is transferred into the ovum. the nuclear membranes of the egg and sperm break down and the two haploid genomes condense to form a diploid genome.

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the answer to your question is sperm

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