The term represents a predictive theory of how a species might change with time. the term assumes that nature can create whole new structures and organisms simply be environmental constraint.

The term microevolution represents a predictive theory of how species might change with time.
The term macroevolution assumes that nature can create whole new structures and organisms simply be the environmental constraint.
Evolutionary biology, genetics, aetiology, genetics they overlap with the closely related sciences of ecology.
Ecology seeks to explain the movement of materials and energy through living communities, successional development of ecosystem and processes, adaptation and interactions.

The answer is observations and interpreting.