Charles darwin understood that evolution was a slow and gradual process. by gradual, darwin inferred a "stepwise" process with a species evolving and accumulating small variations over long periods of time until a new species was born. if evolution is gradual, there should be a fossilized record of small, incremental changes on the way to a new species. but in many cases, scientists were unable to find these intermediate forms. in 1972, evolutionary scientists stephen jay gould and niles eldredge proposed another idea of evolution. they suggested that species are generally stable, changing little for millions of years. this stable species becomes the victim of a rapid burst of change that results in a new species and that leaves few fossils behind. gould and eldredge proposed this new theory called a) gradualism. b) catastrophism. c) adaptive radiation. d) punctuated equilibrium.

 D)  punctuated equilibrium.

punctuated equilibrium The steady, stable state is punctuated by rapid change, thus the phrase punctuated equilibrium.

~From USATestprep~

water is a polar molecule. a chemical bond is a force of attraction between atoms or ions. bonds form when atoms share or transfer valence electrons. atoms form chemical bonds to achieve a full outer energy level, which is the most stable arrangement of electrons. so, false

explanation:

in h2o molecule, two water molecules are bonded by a hydrogen bond but the bond between two h - o bonds within a water molecule are covalent. the greater the electronegativity difference, the more ionic the bond is. bonds that are partly ionic are called polar covalent bonds. nonpolar covalent bonds, with equal sharing of the bond electrons, arise when the electronegativities of the two atoms are equal.

this is more of a statement than a question. is there answers to go along with this, or is it opinion based?