As opposed to pure science, which is concerned mainly with formulating and testing new hypotheses and theories, this type of science is more concerned with practical uses for scientific discoveries.

Molecules like glucose and amino acids are not lipid soluble, so cannot cross the cell membrane by simple diffusion. instead, they are shuttled across by carrier proteins in the membrane from high to low concentration. does this process require energy from the cell? this is an example of what type of molecular movement?