Which were major influences on Abstract Expressionists following World War II? medieval art, Naturalism, and mystical Christianity ancient myths, Jungian psychology, and jazz music Japanese Zen Buddhism, the American prairie landscape, and Welsh tradition particle physics, African masks, and the work of Paul Cezanne

i'm not sure i completely understand your question, but i will do my best.

i think the answer you are looking for is sequence. (see below)

a repeated melodic fragment would be best defined as repetition, while repeated chords (different or the same) could be a chord progression. however, you then mentioned the chord and melodic fragment beginning on higher or lower pitches, in that case, the answer could be best defined as a sequence. the definition of a sequence is as follows: "the restatement of a motif or longer melodic (or harmonic) passage at a higher or lower pitch in the same voice."

let me know if this !