State the different art elements is used to show the emotion(Example based on the facial expression of Dyesebel was the beautiful princess od the sea?)

To create an illustration of perspective, this artist did all of the following except 1) show clear orthogonal lines 2) have an implied vanishing point 3) distort proportion to keep the background and foreground the same size 4) include value changes between the foreground and background i was thinking maybe 1