In hich period did we see advances in technology and settled life

It's the Neolithic period in which we see in technology and settled life. It began 10,200 BC. Neolithic is also considered as the last part of the stone age. This period started some of the inventions like bracelet, etc.

i'm not sure i completely understand your question, but i will do my best.

i think the answer you are looking for is sequence. (see below)

a repeated melodic fragment would be best defined as repetition, while repeated chords (different or the same) could be a chord progression. however, you then mentioned the chord and melodic fragment beginning on higher or lower pitches, in that case, the answer could be best defined as a sequence. the definition of a sequence is as follows: "the restatement of a motif or longer melodic (or harmonic) passage at a higher or lower pitch in the same voice."

let me know if this !

i dont know, i dont live in japan sorry though