Shaping will happen if you a) encourage lots of little behaviors to add up into one large action b) discourage random actions that have no application to the end goal c) show a person how to do a specific task d) no example shows how to shape behavior.

A) encourage lots of little behaviors to add up into one large action

Explanation:

Shaping is the term used to describe a situation where many small behaviors are encouraged to come together in one action.

In this case, to achieve this goal, a researcher manipulates the types of different behaviors to make them emit the same response, ie, these behaviors must come together in a single action. This is widely used in operant discrimination where a specific response only happens in the presence of a specific stimulus, which in the case of shaping is the manipulation of behaviors.

accelerated heartbeat, raise in blood pressure, slow in digestion, raise in blood sugar and perspiration. (myers' psychology for ap 2nd edition pg 87)

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