1. Dr. Franklin investigated the relationship between stress and physical illness. She persuaded a high school principal to require all female athletes in the school to participate in her study. She explained the purpose of her research to the athletes and asked them to use a standard form to rate the severity of their stress over the last six months. More than 250 athletes completed the form. Then Dr. Franklin analyzed the forms returned for the first 100 athletes. She requested the attendance records from the same six-month period. In the debriefing summary that Dr. Franklin sent to the 100 athletes after she completed the study, she stated that athletes who reported more stress also experienced more frequent illness. Dr. Franklin concluded that stress causes physical illness. (12 points total) Identify the research method used by Dr. Franklin. List ONE advantage and ONE disadvantage of using this type of methodology.
Based on the information provided, describe ONE appropriate and ONE inappropriate ethical feature of the study.
Identify ONE statistical technique that Dr. Franklin could use to represent the relationship between the variables in the study.
Describe ONE aspect of research design that weakens the validity of Dr. Franklin's conclusion that stress causes physical illness.

2. Professor Targarian was asked by a local chewing gum manufacturer to test whether or not students perform better on a math assessment while chewing their newly developed mint gum. The professor gathered 20 students of varying grade levels from a local school district and administered a 15 question math test. Once the study was finished, Professor Targarian concluded that those who were chewing the gum scored higher than those who were not. Therefore, the professor concluded that the mint chewing gum increases mathematical ability. (8 points)

Identify the independent variable (IV) in this study.
Identify the dependent variable (DV) in this study.
Identify TWO potential confounding variables that may arise during this study and how these confounding variables could impact the study.