What conclusion can you draw from the heredity versus environment debate? a. the environment determines an individual's behavioral traits more than genetics do. b. genetics determines an individual's behavioral traits more than environmental factors do. c. environmental factors can change an individual's genetic makeup. d. both genetics and the environment are equally important in shaping an individual's behavioral traits.

the answer to the question is punishment. or more specifically, positive punishment.

positive punishment occurs when a behavior is given a negative consequence for the individual doing the behavior.

sara no longer wants to ask questions (the behavior) because she is ridiculed by mr. smith (the punishment).

reinforcement is inaccurate because reinforcement always gives positive consequences for the individual doing the behavior, be it by introducing a pleasant consequence or removing an unpleasant one.

to answer your question:

f(x)= a^x.  if x=0, f(x)=1  if x=1, f(x)=a  if x=1, f(x)=a^a