The oncogene erbb is a constitutively active form of a receptor tyrosine kinase that sends unregulated signals, from the plasma membrane, to stimulate cell proliferation. Suppose you have the capability to mutate all the copies of ras genes in these erbb-expressing cells, will this enhance or suppress the ability of erbb to promote tumor progression?.

Mr. wayne is a 38-year-old man with a significant history of elevated cholesterol levels. his father died at age 42 from a massive heart attack secondary to elevated cholesterol and triglycerides, and two of his older siblings are currently taking medications to lower their cholesterol levels. mr. wayne makes an appointment to discuss his risk for hypercholesterolemia. the nurse recognizes that mr. wayne is at risk for familial hypercholesterolemia because this is an autoomal dominant inherited condition. a. describe the pattern of autosomal dominant inheritance. b. mr. wayne asks what chance his children have of developing familial hypercholesterolemia. how should the nurse respond? c. explain the phenomenon of penetrance observed in autosomal dominant inheritance.